It is important to understand the relationship between culture and behavior, especially for those in the field of psychology, because culture is not limited to a person’s racial background or ethnicity; it also varies by characteristics such as gender, age, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and locale, which is related to diversity.
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Recent research into the relationships between culture and behavior shows that it is the interdependence of nature and nurture that determines brainpower and some patterns of socially important human behavior. Culture refers to (a) shared patterns of beliefs and knowledge by which people order their perceptions and experiences and in terms of which they act, and (b) customary patterns and organization of behaviors and symbolic manifestations or expressions of these patterns. Culture and social structure can influence behavior. For example, according to Skinner, people do not show the negative by-products of punitive control (generalized escape and avoidance) when positive reinforcement is arranged for their behavior. A culture based on positive reinforcement not only teaches desired actions, it also instills a commitment to the survival of the culture, its values and practices. This example illustrates that culture consists of knowledge, beliefs, and evaluations shared among members of a society and reflects not only the biological endowment of humans but also the constraints of their social and physical environments. Social structure reflects culture and consists of …
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